 |
| Usmail Meher, 16 |
Hakima, 40 |
| Usmail was made to marry Hakima when just
10. Seven months later, Hakima gave birth to a girl. Usmail killed
the girl because "it was not my child". He was arrested
but acquitted. |
Through most
of the day, Usmail Meher carries sandstone slabs at a quarry in Jaisalmer
district of Rajsathan. It is back-breaking work in the unforgiving desert
and anybody would be happy when the day's work is done. Not Usmail. For
when it is evening and time to go home, he has to go through a bigger
ordeal. His 40-year-old wife Hakima is waiting for him to return from
work. Usmail is just 16.
Tragedy struck Usmail six years ago when he was studying in Class V.
A bright boy, he was one of the few who could read and write in Revari
village on the Jaisalmer-Barmer highway. One day, his father Barsa Khan
told Usmail that he would have to marry Hakima, his dead cousin's 34-year-old
fiancee. The significance of the words escaped the boy of 10. "I
did not know what was happening. The elders told me to be happy,"
he recalls. A few days later, Usmail and Hakima were married.
In a convoluted attempt to retain purity of lineage, Muslims of the
Meher caste in Rajasthan's Jaisalmer and Barmer districts prefer to marry
their daughters within the caste. Men are allowed to marry outside the
caste, making it more difficult to find eligible grooms. The community's
stress on finding a Meher groom is a compelling reason for parents to
settle for whatever is available. And little boys become unsuspecting
victims of this obnoxious custom when they are married to women almost
three times their age.
 |
| Imana, 20 |
Imam Faqir, 9 |
| When Imana's fiance died in an accident,
his brother Imam was forced to fill in for him to fulfil the agreement
between the two families. He doesn't even know what marriage means. |
Sometimes an agreement between two families to exchange daughters for
their sons causes the mismatch in ages. Things can go awry even if the
ages are compatible. Since the mortality rate in the region is quite high,
it often happens that a prospective groom dies and is replaced by a younger
boy in the marriage. But most of the time, the oddity is the result of
a community ignoring compatibility of age for the sake of social convenience.
Says Mumtaz Ben, a social worker based in Barmer: "Such a marriage
is the worst violation of human rights."
Usmail is not alone in this torturous predicament. Many other castes
are now following in the footsteps of the Mehers. In Nimba ki Basti village
of Jaisalmer district, nine-year-old Imam Faqir had to step in to fulfil
his family's contractual agreement when his brother, who was engaged to
20-year-old Imana died in an accident. In Bacche ki Dhani village, when
the sarpanch Hamji could not find a match for her granddaughters Meen
Bai, 30, and Marium, 25, she settled for their pre-teen first cousins.
Meen is married to Baria Khan, 11, while Marium will soon marry nine-year-old
Jakharia Khan.
There are sinister undercurrents of this human tragedy. Often the marriage
of an older woman to a young boy is a front that facilitates her exploitation.
Barely seven months after Usmail's marriage, his wife Hakima delivered
a baby girl. Usmail was 11 at the time and it was clear that he had not
consummated the marriage. Such was his innocence that he could not even
understand why people taunted him for not being the father of his wife's
child.
 |
| Jakharia Khan, 9 |
Marium, 25 |
| After all attempts to find grooms for
Marium and her sister Meen within the Faqir caste failed, their grandmother
chose their first cousins Jakharia and his elder brother Baria, 11. |
Two years later, Usmail realised what was going on and reacted in the
most unfortunate manner by battering the two-year-old girl to death with
a stone. He was arrested and sent to a juvenile home in Jodhpur. "It
was not my child," he says blankly, the burden of his own trauma
making him incapable of remorse. He was acquitted in 2001 because of his
age.
More such tragedies are unfolding as a result of this blinkered attempt
to follow a tradition. In Barmer district two years ago, a woman in her
mid-20s committed suicide by jumping into a well along with her two children.
Her husband was considerably younger and in his teens. Police believe
that her father-in-law used to send his son away to work in distant places
and sexually exploit her in his absence. "We were told that she was
fed up with the situation," says a police officer. The father-in-law
was arrested and charged with abetment to suicide but was eventually released
for lack of any solid evidence.
Sadly, even though these mismatched marriages violate the Child Marriage
(Restraint) Act, the police prefer not to burden themselves with these
cases. On the contrary, they act against people who are working to stop
these abhorrent practices. Last year, when India Today reported how older
men were marrying young girls in Barmer, a police officer used it to instigate
attacks on social workers quoted in the report. "Please don't quote
us in the story," pleads a social worker. Even educated youth who
find the custom wrong decline to speak up against it in the media for
fear of reprisals.
Meanwhile, Usmail continues to work at the quarry, carrying the burden
of his shattered dreams on his slim shoulders.
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